What exactly makes a cable “Low Smoke Zero Halogen”?

LSZH cables are constructed using thermoplastic or thermoset compounds that do not contain halogens (such as Fluorine, Chlorine, Bromine, or Iodine). In standard PVC cables, these halogens release toxic, corrosive gases like Hydrogen Chloride (HCl) when burned. LSZH materials instead use mineral fillers like Aluminum Trihydrate (ATH), which release water vapor when heated to suppress smoke and heat.